Qualidade de ovos comerciais lavados e submetidos a coberturas artificiais

TCC (graduação)- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Campus Curitibanos. Agronomia.Objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a qualidade físico-química de ovos lavados (frescos e armazenados) submetidos ao processo de cobertura artificial com óleo de soja e óleo mineral. Foram avaliados 270 ovos de poedeiras de linhagem comercial com 62 semanas de idade criadas em gaiolas. As amostras de ovos foram coletadas e lavadas no mesmo dia, posteriormente os 270 ovos foram separados em três grupos que consistiram nas coberturas, sendo controle (sem cobertura), cobertura com óleo de soja e cobertura com óleo mineral. Cada tratamento contou com cinco repetições de 18 ovos cada. Os ovos foram avaliados no dia zero (ovos frescos), 14, 28 e 41 dias de armazenamento. As variáveis analisadas foram o peso do ovo, gravidade específica, altura de gema, diâmetro de gema e câmera de ar, pH do albúmen, coloração da gema, peso da gema, casca e albúmen, porcentagem de gema, albúmen e casca, Unidade Haugh e índice de gema. Pode-se observar que ambas coberturas se assemelham-se nas análises realizadas como, gravidade específica, câmara de ar, diâmetro de gema, altura e índice de gema, altura de albúmen diferindo-se do controle. Unidade Haugh para ambas as coberturas se apresentou semelhantes no 14º e 41º dia diferindo-se do controle, ambas as coberturas apresentam qualidade A no período de análise, já controle tem de média a baixa qualidade, no mesmo período. Observou-se que as coberturas artificiais promovem uma proteção das características internas pela proteção dos poros da casca o que minimiza as trocas gasosas. Portanto, as coberturas de óleo de soja e óleo mineral apresentam-se eficientes e ambas podem ser recomendadas para a proteção dos ovos e manutenção da qualidade de ovos armazenados

Dynamics of human protein kinase Aurora A linked to drug selectivity

Protein kinases are major drug targets, but the development of highly-selective inhibitors has been challenging due to the similarity of their active sites. The observation of distinct structural states of the fully-conserved Asp-Phe-Gly (DFG) loop has put the concept of conformational selection for the DFG-state at the center of kinase drug discovery. Recently, it was shown that Gleevec selectivity for the Tyr-kinase Abl was instead rooted in conformational changes after drug binding. Here, we investigate whether protein dynamics after binding is a more general paradigm for drug selectivity by characterizing the binding of several approved drugs to the Ser/Thr-kinase Aurora A. Using a combination of biophysical techniques, we propose a universal drug-binding mechanism, that rationalizes selectivity, affinity and long on-target residence time for kinase inhibitors. These new concepts, where protein dynamics in the drug-bound state plays the crucial role, can be applied to inhibitor design of targets outside the kinome

Caracterização morfológica e estrutural de nanopartículas de Fe3O4 e SiO2/Fe3O4

Neste trabalho serão apresentadas a síntese e caracterização de nanopartículas de magnetita (Fe3O4) e estruturas do tipo casca-núcleo (SiO2/Fe3O4). As nanopartículas de Fe3O4 foram sintetizadas pela oxidação parcial de hidróxido ferroso e posteriormente encapsuladas pelo método de Stöber. As técnicas de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET), difração de raios-X em pó (DRX), espectroscopia no infravermelho (FTIR) e Magnetômetria de amostra vibrante (VSM) foram utilizadas na caracterização morfológica e estrutural dos materiais sintetizados. Foram obtidas nanopartículas de Fe3O4 de morfologia octaédrica com tamanho médio de 235 33 nm que foram revestidas com sílica dando lugar a estruturas esféricas com tamanho médio de 693 107 nm. Houve uma diminuição na magnetização de saturação (Ms) para as nanopartículas revestidas devido a espessura da “casca" de sílica.Fil: Ribas, Vanessa. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil)Fil: Kern, Daniela. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil)Fil: Arguello, Jacqueline. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil)Fil: Lavayen, Vladmir. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil

Smart Alarms: Multivariate Medical Alarm Integration for Post CABG Surgery Patients

In order to monitor patients in the Intensive Care Unit, healthcare practitioners set threshold alarms on each of many individual vital sign monitors. The current alarm algorithms elicit numerous false positive alarms producing an inefficient healthcare system, where nurses habitually ignore low level alarms due to their overabundance. In this paper, we describe an algorithm that considers multiple vital signs when monitoring a post coronary artery bypass graft (post-CABG) surgery patient. The algorithm employs a Fuzzy Expert System to mimic the decision processes of nurses. In addition, it includes a Clinical Decision Support tool that uses Bayesian theory to display the possible CABG-related complications the patient might be undergoing at any point in time, as well as the most relevant risk factors. As a result, this multivariate approach decreases clinical alarms by an average of 59% with a standard deviation of 17% (Sample of 32 patients, 1,451 hours of vital sign data). Interviews comparing our proposed system with the approach currently used in hospitals have also confirmed the potential efficiency gains from this approach

Elaboração e avaliação de material educativo sobre a prevenção do câncer de mama

Objetivo: Elaborar e avaliar a adequação de um material educativo para a prevenção do câncer de mama em mulheres. Método: O material educativo foi elaborado por pesquisadores da área de psicologia da saúde e sua avaliação foi feita por 34 profissionais da saúde (médicos, enfermeiras, nutricionistas). Utilizou-se um protocolo de avaliação do material educativo para a prevenção do câncer de mama. Os dados da avaliação foram analisados a partir de estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo das respostas abertas. Resultados: Os profissionais da saúde avaliaram o material educativo de forma positiva, sugerindo pequenas alterações, como a exclusão do anticoncepcional como fator de risco, a inclusão do tabaco e uso de bebida alcoólica como fator de risco e mudanças nas características físicas das personagens. Conclusão: O material educativo está adequado ao público alvo e pode ser usado como material complementar em campanhas de educação em saúde para a prevenção do câncer de mama. 

Overweight/obesity as the potentially most important lifestyle factor associated with signs of pneumonia in COVID-19

Objective: The occurrence of pneumonia separates severe cases of COVID-19 from the majority of cases with mild disease. However, the factors determining whether or not pneumonia develops remain to be fully uncovered. We therefore explored the associations of several lifestyle factors with signs of pneumonia in COVID-19. Methods Between May and July 2020, we conducted an online survey of 201 adults in Germany who had recently gone through COVID-19, predominantly as outpatients. Of these, 165 had a PCR-based diagnosis and 36 had a retrospective diagnosis by antibody testing. The survey covered demographic information, eight lifestyle factors, comorbidities and medication use. We defined the main outcome as the presence vs. the absence of signs of pneumonia, represented by dyspnea, the requirement for oxygen therapy or intubation. Results: Signs of pneumonia occurred in 39 of the 165 individuals with a PCR-based diagnosis of COVID-19 (23.6%). Among the lifestyle factors examined, only overweight/obesity was associated with signs of pneumonia (odds ratio 2.68 (1.29-5.59) p = 0.008). The observed association remained significant after multivariate adjustment, with BMI as a metric variable, and also after including the antibody-positive individuals into the analysis. Conclusions: This exploratory study finds an association of overweight/obesity with signs of pneumonia in COVID-19. This finding suggests that a signal proportional to body fat mass, such as the hormone leptin, impairs the body's ability to clear SARS-CoV-2 before pneumonia develops. This hypothesis concurs with previous work and should be investigated further to possibly reduce the proportion of severe cases of COVID-19

Microbial load after selective and complete caries removal in permanent molars : a randomized clinical trial

O objetivo deste ensaio clínico randomizado foi comparar os microrganismos remanescentes após tratamentos baseados em remoção total de tecido cariado e selamento e a remoção seletiva de tecido cariado e selamento. Pacientes com lesões de cárie ativas em molares permanentes foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: grupo teste (remoção seletiva de tecido cariado-SCR; n=18), e grupo de controle (remoção total de tecido cariado-CCR; n=18). Amostras de dentina foram obtidas após a remoção da tecido cariado e após 3 meses de selamento das cavidades. Streptococcus spp., Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus spp. e microrganismos viáveis totais foram cultivados para contagem de células e frequência de isolamento de espécies. CCR resultou em menores contagens totais de microorganismos viáveis (p≤0,001), Streptococcus spp. (p≤0,001) e Lactobacillus spp. (p≤0,001) inicialmente. Entretanto, após o selamento, uma redução significativa nas contagens totais de microrganismos viáveis, Streptococcus spp. e Lactobacillus spp. resultou em nenhuma diferença entre os grupos após 3 meses. Conclui-se que a remoção seletiva de cárie é tão seletiva quanto a remoção completa de cárie na redução da infecção dentinária após três meses com selamento da lesão.The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to compare the remaining microbial load after treatments based on complete and selective caries removal and sealing. Patients with active carious lesions in a permanent molar were randomly allocated into 2 groups: a test group (selective caries removal-SCR; n=18) and a control group (complete caries removal - CCR; n=18). Dentin samples were collected following the excavation and three months after sealing. Streptococcus species, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus species, and total viable microorganisms were cultured to count the viable cells and frequency of species isolation. CCR resulted in significant lower total viable microorganisms counts (p≤0.001), Streptococcus species (p≤0.001) and Lactobacillus species (p≤0.001) initially. However, after sealing, a decrease in total viable microorganisms, Streptococcus species, and Lactobacillus species in the SCR resulted in no difference between the groups after 3 months. In conclusion, selective caries removal is as effective as complete caries removal in reducing dentin bacterial load 3 months after sealing

GSA: A Framework for Rapid Prototyping of Smart Alarm Systems

We describe the Generic Smart Alarm, an architectural framework for the development of decision support modules for a variety of clinical applications. The need to quickly process patient vital signs and detect patient health events arises in many clinical scenarios, from clinical decision support to tele-health systems to home-care applications. The events detected during monitoring can be used as caregiver alarms, as triggers for further downstream processing or logging, or as discrete inputs to decision support systems or physiological closed-loop applications. We believe that all of these scenarios are similar, and share a common framework of design. In attempting to solve a particular instance of the problem, that of device alarm fatigue due to numerous false alarms, we devised a modular system based around this framework. This modular design allows us to easily customize the framework to address the specific needs of the various applications, and at the same time enables us to perform checking of consistency of the system. In the paper we discuss potential specific clinical applications of a generic smart alarm framework, present the proposed architecture of such a framework, and motivate the benefits of a generic framework for the development of new smart alarm or clinical decision support systems

Management of severe diarrhea in an AIDS patient with inflammatory bowel disease with Short Bowel Syndrome

Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can lead to a loss of lymphoid tissue through the intestinal mucosa, making the intestine susceptible to infections and inflammation. As a result, the patient may present with Crohn's Disease (CD), a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) results from loss of bowel absorption capacity after extensive bowel resection and is associated with several complications. Objective: To report the case of a patient presenting with acute chronic diarrhea, of probable multifactorial etiology, secondary to HIV, CD, and SBS. Methods: The information contained in this report was obtained through a review of the medical record and a review of the literature. Case Report: This is the report of E. F. C, male, 49 years old, who was admitted to the ICU of Hospital Ernesto Dornelles, in Porto Alegre, from 12/04/2020 to 01/07/2021, with HIV, CD, and SBS. The patient was admitted complaining of diarrhea that had started 15 days ago, which had worsened in the last 7 days, with loss of appetite, vomiting episodes, and mental confusion. Using empirical Lamivudine, Zidovudine, Tenofovir, Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole, Methotrexate and Prednisone. On physical examination, he was sleepy, afebrile, with a normotensive abdomen, severe dehydration, and edema 3+/4+. From anthropometry, the measured weight of 50 kg, reported height of 1.70 m, and BMI of 17 kg/m2. On laboratory tests, he had severe pancytopenia and electrolyte disturbances. Although the cause of diarrhea was not clarified, bowel rest and the use of glutamine and enteral symbiotic were chosen, while treating HIV and CD, to improve enterocyte nutrition and reduce bacterial translocation capable of causing septic conditions. Despite this, diarrhea was untreatable, mean greater than 1,000 ml/day, with indication, but without the possibility of total parenteral nutrition, due to thrombocytopenia. On 12/06, E. F. C was in poor general condition, anasarca, tachycardic, hypotensive, treating septicemia caused by Candida tropicalis. On 12/07, he presented no spontaneous breathing, absence of central pulses and pupillary reflexes, opted not to institute invasive measures, and died. Final Considerations: The report highlights the need to cover IBD and opportunistic infections in the differential diagnosis of diarrhea in AIDS patients with CD and SBS. It also demonstrates the challenge of nurturing the patient who does not have conditions for enteral and/or parenteral nutrition, with a high risk of malnutrition due to the catabolism of such pathologies